What is one of the main objectives of genetic engineering in biotechnology?

• A. To prevent all genetic mutations
• B. To create genetically uniform species
• C. To enhance traits in organisms for better yield or disease resistance
• D. To eliminate all inherited diseases

Answer: (C)

One of the main objectives of genetic engineering in biotechnology is to enhance traits in organisms for better yield or disease resistance. This approach involves manipulating the genetic makeup of an organism to express specific characteristics that improve its performance in agriculture, medicine, or industry. For example, scientists can introduce new genes that provide resistance to pests or diseases, leading to crops that require fewer chemical pesticides and have higher yields. Additionally, genetic engineering can improve nutritional content, increase growth rates, or enable plants to thrive in challenging environmental conditions, contributing to food security and sustainability.

While the prevention of all genetic mutations or the elimination of inherited diseases represents significant goals in genetics and medicine, they are not entirely achievable or the primary focus of genetic engineering as a field. Creating genetically uniform species also may have its advantages, but it lacks the broader impact on enhancing specific beneficial traits which is pivotal for advancing agricultural and industrial biotechnology. Therefore, the enhancement of traits for better yield or disease resistance is a core objective that drives much of the research and application in this area.